与python中的项目搏斗

我的任务是制作这个节目。读取

tests.txt

的程序显示所有分数和平均分数。该程序还必须使用循环

这就是我到目前为止所做的：

def main():

   scorefile = open('test.txt', 'r')

   test1 = scorefile.readline()
   test2 = scorefile.readline()
   test3 = scorefile.readline()
   test4 = scorefile.readline()
   test5 = scorefile.readline()

   scorefile.close()

   print(test1, test2, test3, test4, test5)

   total = (test1 + test2 + test3+ test4 + test5) / 5.0

   print('The average test score is:', total)
main()

我已经用这些数字写入了

test.txt

文件：

95
87
79
91
86

print nums, sum(nums)/len(nums)
[95, 87, 79, 91, 86] 87

---

因此，假设您有以下文件：

95
87
79
91
86

在任何语言中，我们都需要：

打开文件

通过在文件中的所有行上循环读取文件中的值，直到文件耗尽

处理每个值（例如，它们可能需要从字符串转换为int）

将读取的所有值相加，然后除以读取的值数

在Python中，该配方被转换为：

nums=list()                      # we will hold all the values in a list                           
with open(fn, 'r') as f:         # open the file and establish an iterator over the lines
    for n in f:                  # iterate over the lines
        nums.append(int(n))      # read a line, convert to int, append to the list

在交互提示下，您可以“打印”NUM：

>>> nums
[95, 87, 79, 91, 86]

现在，您可以打印

nums

并计算数字的平均值：

95
87
79
91
86

print nums, sum(nums)/len(nums)
[95, 87, 79, 91, 86] 87

如果要以不同方式打印

nums

，请使用join:

print '\n'.join(map(str, nums))

或

用Python编写它的一种更为惯用的方法可能是：

with open(fn, 'r') as f:
    nums=map(int, f)
    print nums, sum(nums)/len(nums)

如果文件太大，无法放入计算机内存，则需要进行完全不同的讨论

对于大文件，您只需要保持一个运行总数和计数，而不需要将整个文件加载到内存中。在Python中，您可以执行以下操作：

with open(fn) as f:
    num_sum=0
    for i, s in enumerate(f, 1):
        print s.strip()
        num_sum+=int(s)

    print '\n', num_sum/i

---

因此，假设您有以下文件：

95
87
79
91
86

在任何语言中，我们都需要：

打开文件

通过在文件中的所有行上循环读取文件中的值，直到文件耗尽

处理每个值（例如，它们可能需要从字符串转换为int）

将读取的所有值相加，然后除以读取的值数

在Python中，该配方被转换为：

nums=list()                      # we will hold all the values in a list                           
with open(fn, 'r') as f:         # open the file and establish an iterator over the lines
    for n in f:                  # iterate over the lines
        nums.append(int(n))      # read a line, convert to int, append to the list

在交互提示下，您可以“打印”NUM：

>>> nums
[95, 87, 79, 91, 86]

现在，您可以打印

nums

并计算数字的平均值：

95
87
79
91
86

print nums, sum(nums)/len(nums)
[95, 87, 79, 91, 86] 87

如果要以不同方式打印

nums

，请使用join:

print '\n'.join(map(str, nums))

或

用Python编写它的一种更为惯用的方法可能是：

with open(fn, 'r') as f:
    nums=map(int, f)
    print nums, sum(nums)/len(nums)

如果文件太大，无法放入计算机内存，则需要进行完全不同的讨论

对于大文件，您只需要保持一个运行总数和计数，而不需要将整个文件加载到内存中。在Python中，您可以执行以下操作：

with open(fn) as f:
    num_sum=0
    for i, s in enumerate(f, 1):
        print s.strip()
        num_sum+=int(s)

    print '\n', num_sum/i

---

我对代码进行了注释，因此您可以逐步了解该过程：

# first, let's open the file
# we use with so that it automatically closes
# after leaving its scope
with open("test.txt", "r") as readHere:
    # we read the file and split by \n, or new lines
    content = readHere.read().split("\n")
    # store scores here
    scores = []
    # count is the number of scores we have encountered
    count = 0
    # total is the total of the scores we've encountered
    total = 0
    # now, loop through content, which is a list
    for l in content:
        count += 1          # increment the scores seen by one
        total += int(l)     # and increase the total by the number on this line
        scores.append(int(l))   # add to list
    #one the loop has finished, print the result
    print("average is " + str(total/count) + " for " + str(count) + " scores")
    # print the actual scores:
    for score in scores:
        print(score)

---

我对代码进行了注释，因此您可以逐步了解该过程：

# first, let's open the file
# we use with so that it automatically closes
# after leaving its scope
with open("test.txt", "r") as readHere:
    # we read the file and split by \n, or new lines
    content = readHere.read().split("\n")
    # store scores here
    scores = []
    # count is the number of scores we have encountered
    count = 0
    # total is the total of the scores we've encountered
    total = 0
    # now, loop through content, which is a list
    for l in content:
        count += 1          # increment the scores seen by one
        total += int(l)     # and increase the total by the number on this line
        scores.append(int(l))   # add to list
    #one the loop has finished, print the result
    print("average is " + str(total/count) + " for " + str(count) + " scores")
    # print the actual scores:
    for score in scores:
        print(score)

---

一般方法

def myAssignmentOnLOOPs():
    aScoreFILE = open( "tests.txt", "r" )
    aSumREGISTER = 0
    aLineCOUNTER = 0
    for aLine in aScoreFILE.readlines():   # The Loop:
        aLineCOUNTER += 1                  #     count this line
        aSumREGISTER += int( aLine )       #     sum adds this line, converted to a number
        print aLine                        #     print each line as task states so
    # FINALLY:
    aScoreFILE.close()                     # .close() the file 
    if ( aLineCOUNTER != 0 ):              # If() to avoid DIV!0 error
        print "Finally, the Sum: ", aSumREGISTER
        print "          an Avg: ", aSumREGISTER / aLineCOUNTER
    else:
        print "There were no rows present in file:tests.txt"

---

一般方法

def myAssignmentOnLOOPs():
    aScoreFILE = open( "tests.txt", "r" )
    aSumREGISTER = 0
    aLineCOUNTER = 0
    for aLine in aScoreFILE.readlines():   # The Loop:
        aLineCOUNTER += 1                  #     count this line
        aSumREGISTER += int( aLine )       #     sum adds this line, converted to a number
        print aLine                        #     print each line as task states so
    # FINALLY:
    aScoreFILE.close()                     # .close() the file 
    if ( aLineCOUNTER != 0 ):              # If() to avoid DIV!0 error
        print "Finally, the Sum: ", aSumREGISTER
        print "          an Avg: ", aSumREGISTER / aLineCOUNTER
    else:
        print "There were no rows present in file:tests.txt"

---

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