在Java中错误地执行While循环中的“if”和“else”

我只是在真正学习Java，通过Deitel和Deitel的《Java如何编程》一书中的教程，所以请原谅我犯的任何基本错误。我知道我的方法可能不是最好的，但我希望改进这一点

我的问题是我认为我的程序构建错误。当我执行程序时，IF和ELSE选项都被输出

如果有人能告诉我为什么这两个选项都在执行，我将不胜感激

深水区

package controlStatments;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Review_4_20 
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        //Declare Variables
        double employeeOneRate;
        double employeeOneHours;
        double employeeTwoRate;
        double employeeTwoHours;
        double employeeThreeRate;
        double employeeThreeHours;
        int calculator;
        double employeeOneTotalPay;
        double employeeOneNormalPay;
        double employeeOneTotalPayOverTime;
        double overTimeRate;

        //Initiate Variables
        employeeOneRate = 0;
        employeeOneHours = 0;
        employeeTwoRate = 0;
        employeeTwoHours = 0;
        employeeThreeRate = 0;
        employeeThreeHours = 0;
        calculator = 0;
        employeeOneTotalPay = 0;
        employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = 0;
        overTimeRate = 1.5; 
        employeeOneNormalPay = 0;

        //Create While Loop
        while (calculator != -1)
        {   
            //Prompt user to input details
            System.out.print("\n\nPlease input the first employees rate");
            employeeOneRate =input.nextDouble();

            System.out.print("Please input the first employees Hours");
            employeeOneHours =input.nextDouble();

            if (employeeOneHours <= 40)
            {
                employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
                System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
            }
            else 
                employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
            employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                            
            System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);
        }
    }
}

---

您忘记了else语句中的括号

我想应该是这样的：

    if (employeeOneHours <= 40)
    {
        employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
        System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
    }
    else {
        employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
        employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * 
                (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                                
        System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);
    }

---

如果不设置括号，则If/ELSE语句中只包含第一行。

括号内的语句，如If、ELSE If、ELSE，循环仅在其后没有括号时执行紧跟其后的行

因此，你的声明：

if (employeeOneHours <= 40)
{
    employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
    System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
}
else 
    employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
    employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                            
    System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);

改变

与：

---

Java允许内联初始化变量；i、 e.不需要声明然后初始化，只需在一行中声明并初始化：double overTimeRate=1.5；这将使您的示例更具可读性。感谢Arturs，这将有很大帮助。感谢大家的回复，下次请不要忘记这一点time@deepend总是使用大括号不是一个坏习惯，即使它们是可选的。有时我们会抵制，因为只有一个语句时没有括号看起来更优雅，但我从未听说过有人后悔使用括号，因为括号是可选的，但每个人都至少有一种情况，他们希望自己只使用括号。

if (employeeOneHours <= 40) {
    employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
    System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
} else {
    employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
    employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                            
    System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);
}

if (employeeOneHours <= 40)
        {
            employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
            System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
        }
        else 
            employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
        employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                            
        System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);

if (employeeOneHours <= 40)
        {
            employeeOneTotalPay = employeeOneHours * employeeOneRate;
            System.out.printf("\nNormal time pay is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPay);
        }
        else 
       {
            employeeOneNormalPay = employeeOneRate * 40;
        employeeOneTotalPayOverTime = (employeeOneHours - 40) * (employeeOneRate * overTimeRate) + employeeOneNormalPay;                            
        System.out.printf("\n\nTotal Pay including Overtime is: %.2f", employeeOneTotalPayOverTime);
}